Linkkejä mikrobien sokerivaipasta ja mikrobien lektineistä ( adhesiinit)

 2018   Mikrobiaalinen glykaaniadheesio
Microbial glycan adhesion
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6027152/

2017 mikrobiaalisista lektiineistä
Microbial lectins
http://nizetlab.ucsd.edu/publications/Lectins-Chapter37.pdf  Microbial Lectins: Hemagglutinins,Adhesins, and Toxins
 Viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa express an enormous array of glycan-binding proteins, also called lectins. Many of these microbial lectins were originally detected based on their ability to aggregate or induce the hemagglutination of red blood cells (erythrocytes). The first microbial hemagglutinin identified was isolated from the influenza virus, and it was shown by Alfred Gottschalk in the early 1950s to bind erythrocytes and other cells via the sialic acid component of host cell-surface glycoconjugates. Don Wiley and associates crystallized the influenza hemagglutinin and determined its structure in 1981. Later they solved the structure of hemagglutinin cocrystals bound to sialyllactose, providing molecular insight into the affinity and specificity of the receptor ligand binding sites. Since then, a number of viral hemagglutinins have been identified and structurally elucidated. Nathan Sharon and colleagues first described bacterial surface lectins in the 1970s. Their primary function is to facilitate the attachment or adherence of bacteria to host cells, a prerequisite for bacterial colonization and infection (Chapter 42). Thus, bacterial lectins are often called adhesins , and these bind corresbonding  glycan receptors on the surface of the host cells via carbohydrate-recognition domains (CRDs) (“receptor” in this case is equivalent to “ligand” for animal cell lectins). Like animal lectins, some microbial adhesins bind to terminal sugar residues via the CRD, whereas others bind to internal sequences found in linear or branched oligosaccharide chains. The interaction of adhesins with host glycans is an important determinant of the tropism of the corresponding pathogen or symbiont. Detailed studies of the specificity of such microbial lectins have led to the identification and synthesis of powerful inhibitors of adhesion that may form the basis for novel therapeutic agents to combat infectious disease
(Chapter 42

2017 N-glykaanivälitteinen adheesio vahvistuu  patogeenin ja reseptorin välisessä sitoutumisessa
 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-07220-w   N-glycan mediated adhesion strengthening during pathogen-receptor binding revealed by cell-cell force spectroscopy